IUHPST/DLMPST

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DIVISION OF LOGIC, METHODOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DIVISION OF LOGIC, METHODOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

BULLETIN No. 22

1. Executive Committee and Assessors of the Division, 2012-2015

Executive Committee:

  • President. Elliott Sober, Madison, Wisc., United States of America.
  • First Vice-President. Maria Carla Galavotti, Bologna, Italy.
  • Second Vice-President. Cliff Hooker, Newcastle, Australia.
  • Secretary-General. Peter Schroeder-Heister, Tübingen, Germany.
  • Assistant Secretary-General. Benedikt Löwe, Amsterdam, The Netherlands & Hamburg, Germany.
  • Treasurer (January-February 2012). Ralf Schindler, Münster, Germany.
  • Acting Treasurer (May 2012–December 2015). Peter Schroeder-Heister, Tübingen, Germany.
  • Past President. Wilfrid Hodges, Okehampton, United Kingdom.

Assessors:

  • Dennis Dieks (Netherlands), Adam Grobler (Poland), Gerhard Heinzmann (France), Pablo Lorenzano (Argentina),
    Karen Neander (United States of America), Nancy Nersessian (United States of America), Ilkka Niiniluoto (Finland),
    Mariko Yasugi (Japan).

Former Presidents: (†= deceased)

  • Wilfrid Hodges (United Kingdom), Adolf Grünbaum (United States of America), Michael Rabin (United States of America), Wesley Salmon† (United States of America), Jens-Erik Fenstad (Norway), Lawrence J. Cohen† (United Kingdom), Dana S. Scott (United States of America), Jerzy Łoś† (Poland). Patrick Suppes† (United States of America), Jaakko Hintikka† (Finland, United States of America), Andrzej Mostowski† (Poland), Stephan Körner† (United Kingdom), Yehoshua Bar-Hillel† (Israel), Georg Henrik von Wright† (Finland), Stephen C. Kleene† (United States of America).

The Executive Committee of the Division is composed of the President, the Vice-Presidents, the Secretary-General,the Assistant Secretary-General, the Treasurer, and the immediate Past President.
The Council consists of the Executive Committee plus the Assessors.
Patrick Suppes passed away on 19 November 2014; his life and work were remembered during a special session entitled Models and Empirical Philosophy during CLMPS XV in Helsinki.
Jaakko Hintikka was a very active participant in CLMPS XV in Helsinki; we were very sad to hear that he passed away just a few days after the Congress on 12 August 2015.

2. 15th International Congress (Helsinki, Finland, 3.–8. August 2015)

2.1 Committees

Program Committee.

  • Chair: Hannes Leitgeb (München, Germany).
  • Representing Executive Committee: Benedikt Löwe (Amsterdam, The Netherlands & Hamburg, Germany).
  • Representing Local Organizing Committee: Ilkka Niiniluoto (Helsinki, Finland).
  • Members: Hanne Andersen (Aarhus, Denmark), Kristin Andrews (Toronto ON, Canada), Catarina Dutilh-Novaes (Groningen, The Netherlands), Mirna Dzamonja (Norwich, United Kingdom), Tetsuji Iseda (Kyoto, Japan), Martin Kusch (Vienna, Austria), James Ladyman (Bristol, United Kingdom), Pablo Lorenzano (Quilmes, Argentina), David Makinson (London, United Kingdom), Margaret Morrison (Toronto, Canada), Yoram Moses (Haifa, Israel), Samir Okasha (Bristol, United Kingdom), Huw Price (Cambridge, United Kingdom), Greg Restall (Melbourne, Australia), Miriam Solomon (Philadelphia, Pa., United States of America), Jan Sprenger (Tilburg, The Netherlands), David Teira (Madrid, Spain), Thomas Uebel (Manchester, United Kingdom).

Local Organising Committee.

  • Chair. Ilkka Niiniluoto.
  • Members. Asa Hirvonen, Jaakko Kuorikoski, Uskali Mäki, Kristina Rolin, Gabriel Sandu, Päivi Seppälä, Risto Vilkko, Petri Ylikoski.
  • Assistance. Ilona Nevalainen, Ilmari Hirvonen.

2.2 Programme structure

The special topic of the programme was “Models and Modelling”.

A. Logic

  • A.1 Mathematical Logic
  • A.2 Philosophical Logic
  • A.3 Computational Logic and Applications of Logic
  • A.4 Historical Aspects of Logic

B. General Philosophy of Science

  • B.1 Methodology
  • B.2 Formal Philosophy of Science and Formal Epistemology
  • B.3 Metaphysical Issues in the Philosophy of Science
  • B.4 Ethical and Political Issues in the Philosophy of Science
  • B.5 Historical Aspects in the Philosophy of Science

C. Philosophical Issues of Particular Disciplines

  • C.1 Philosophy of the Formal Sciences (including Logic, Mathematics, Statistics, Computer Science)
  • C.2 Philosophy of the Physical Sciences (including Physics, Chemistry, Earth Science, Climate Science)
  • C.3 Philosophy of the Life Sciences
  • C.4 Philosophy of the Cognitive and Behavioural Sciences
  • C.5 Philosophy of the Humanities and the Social Sciences
  • C.6 Philosophy of the Applied Sciences and Technology
  • C.7 Philosophy of Medicine
  • C.8 Metaphilosophy

In addition, the Congress hosted a session of the IUHPS Joint Commission chaired by Pablo Lorenzano (Quilmes, Argentina).

3. Unconfirmed Minutes of the General Assembly of IUHPST/DLMPST, August 6, 2015, Consistory Hall, University of Helsinki

Ordinary Members Present (number of votes in parentheses).

  • Australia (3), Austria (1), Belgium (1), Canada (3), P.R. China (3), Czech Republic (1), Denmark (2), Estonia (1), Finland (2), France (4), Germany (4), India (1), Italy (1), Japan (4), Netherlands (2), Poland (2), South Africa (1), South Korea (2), Spain (2), Sweden (3), Switzerland (1), Taiwan (2), United Kingdom (4), United States of America (5).


Ordinary Members Absent.

  • Hungary (1), Iran (1), Ireland (1), Israel (1), Norway (1), Romania (1), Serbia (1).

International Members Present.

  • Charles Sanders Peirce Society (1), Institut Wiener Kreis (2), Polish Association for Logic and Philosophy of Science (1).

International Members Absent.

  • Association for Symbolic Logic (6), European Philosophy of Science Association (2), Association for Logic, Language and Information (2), Société de Philosophie des Sciences (4).


Commissions Present.

  • Commission on Arabic Logic (1), Commission on the Philosophy of Technology and Engineering Sciences (1), Teaching Commission (1), IUHPS Joint Commission (1).
     

Commissions Absent. None

Others. According to tradition, the General Assembly was open to all Congress Participants.
The total number of attendees (including delegates) was approximately 80.
The Division for History of Science and Technology (DHST/IUHPS) was represented by Jean Gayon (France).

Total number of votes present. 63 votes (21 votes absent). Therefore, the number of votes present was at least
half of of the valid voting power and thus the General Assembly was validly constituted according to Article 15
of the DLMPS statutes.

3.1 Opening

After verification of the delegates, the President opened the Assembly at 6:25pm. It was proposed to amend the
agenda, originally distributed on 1 April 2015, by adding the membership application from New Zealand to item
5 of the agenda (Membership Issues). The amended agenda was unanimously approved. The representative of the
Division for History of Science and Technology (DHST), Jean Gayon, delivered words of greeting from DHST to
the General Assembly.

3.2 Minutes of the 2011 General Assembly

The minutes of the previous General Assembly (Nancy 2011) had been made available on the Division’s website
and published in print as part of the DLMPS Bulletin No. 21 in the journal Mathematical Logic Quarterly (Vol.
61, 2015, pp. 15–23) in unconfirmed form. They were approved unanimously.

3.3 President's Report

The President gave a short summary of his report that had been made available to the delegates in advance. The
following is the complete text of the report:

The term of office of the present Executive Committee began January 1, 2012. I am extremely grateful to the other members of the Executive Committee for their contributions. We have worked well together, in a cooperative spirit with decisions being made by open discussion and consensus. I thank Maria Carla Galavotti (1st Vice President), Cliff Hooker (2nd Vice President), Peter Schroeder-Heister (Secretary-General), Benedikt Löwe (Assistant Secretary-General), Ralf Schindler (Treasurer), and Wilfrid Hodges (past president) for their service to DLMPS. Regrettably, Ralf Schindler was not able to continue his work past February 2012. Peter Schroeder-Heister then took over the duties as Acting Treasurer, and Benedikt Löwe took over many of the duties of the Secretary-General.
The Executive Committee was able to carry out its duties by e-mail; we never met in the same place for face-to-face discussion. This arrangement had two advantages; it did not require us to be away from our regular places of work, and it saved money. This arrangement worked well.

3.3.1 Relations of DLMPS with ICSU.

In addition to the in-house decision making that the Executive Committee carried out, several of us attended meetings to represent DLMPS/IUHPS. Benedikt Löwe represented our Division at the Council meetings in Manchester (2012), Paris (2013), and Marseille (2014) organized by our sister Division, the DHST (the Division of History of Science and Technology). Benedikt did valuable work helping to rewrite the statutes of IUHPS and the joint agreement that codifies the relationship between DLMPS and DHST. Peter Schroeder-Heister represented DLMPS at the meeting of ICSU (the International Council of Science) in Rome in 2011. Benedikt and I represented DLMPS at a meeting in Paris of ICSU in 2013. Rachel Ankeny, the chair of the Australian national committee for History and Philosophy of Science, represented DLMPS at the ICSU meeting in Auckland in 2014. Benedikt, Peter, and Rachel deserve our thanks for this work. IUHPS nominated Maria Carla Galavotti to serve on the Executive Board of ICSU. Our nomination was successful. Maria Carla played an important role in ICSU decision making and she represented the interests of logicians, philosophers of science, and historians of science in that organization.

3.3.2 The 2015 Helsinki DLMPS Congress.

One of the first tasks of the Executive Committee was to choose a chair for the program committee for the 2015 Helsinki Congress. We were delighted when Hannes Leitgeb agreed to serve. Ilkka Niiniluoto also served on the program committee, representing the Local Organizing Committee, and Benedikt Löwe served as well, representing the DLMPS Executive Committee. The members of the programme committee and the local organising committee are listed in § 2 of this Bulletin. DLMPS thanks all of the members of the program committee for their work. Ilkka Niiniluoto and his team have done a splendid job and deserve our thanks. Here are some statistics concerning the Helsinki Congress. The number of registered participants as of July 10, 2015: 688; the number of abstracts received by January 9, 2015: 679; the number of abstracts accepted: 563; the number of invited speakers: 47; the number of symposium speakers: 82; the number of symposia: 21; the number of speakers in affiliated meetings: 92; the number of speakers in commission sessions: approximately 25.

Affiliated meetings. In addition to the program for the Helsinki Congress that the program committee arranged,
several affiliated meetings are scheduled to take place at the Congress: Lets act!—Formal models of collective
agency, intention, and responsibility (Organizers: Frederik Van De Putte, Belgium); Proof theory of modal and
non-classical logics (Organizers: Giovanna Corsi, Italy, Sara Negri, Finland); The Logical Structure of Cor-
related Information Change (LogiCIC) (Organizers: Sonja Smets, The Netherlands); The Legacy of Joachim
Lambek (FoLLI affiliated meeting; Organizers: Michael Moortgat, The Netherlands, Philip Scott, Canada); Logical,
Modelling and Philosophical Foundations of Science—Historical Development, Current Investigations and
Perspectives (Organizers: Boris Chendov, Peeter Müürsepp, Estonia, Arto Mutanen, Finland); Mathematical
Objectivity by Representation (Organizers: Florian Steinberger, Germany, Marco Panza, France); Philosophy of
Mathematical Practice (Organizers: Andrew Arana, United States of America, Emily Grosholz, United States of
America, Dirk Schlimm, Canada); and A Social Philosophy of Science: An Affiliated Meeting (Organizers: Ilya
Kasavin, Russia). There were also two sessions organized by the applicants to be commissioned by DLMPS:
the DHST Commission on History and Philosophy of Computing (HaPoC) and the International Association for
Science and Cultural Diversity (IASCUD) and four sessions organized by the four current commissions of the
DLMPS: the IUHPS Joint Commission, the Teaching Commission, the Commission on Technology and Engi-
neering Sciences and the Arabic Logic Commission. It is particularly noteworthy that there were two symposia at
the Helsinki Congress jointly sponsored by DLMPS and ICSU; these concern two of ICSUs major initiatives—
Urban Health and Well-being and Future Earth. Dov Jaron helped start the first of these ICSU initiatives and
has served on the ICSU Executive Board; he spoke at the first symposium. Gordon McBean, who is President
of ICSU, spoke at the second. In addition, McBean welcomed the participants at the opening ceremony of the
Congress.

3.3.3 Publication of the proceedings of the 2011 DLMPS Congress in Nancy.

Peter Schroeder-Heister, Gerhard Heinzmann, Wilfrid Hodges, and Pierre Edouard Bour edited the Proceedings
of CLMPS 2011 that took place in Nancy. DLMPS thanks them for their able work. These proceeding are
published as:

  • 1. P. Schroeder-Heister, G. Heinzmann, W. Hodges, P. E. Bour (eds.), Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of
    Science. Proceedings of the 14th International Congress. London: College Publications, 2014.
  • 2. P. E. Bour, G. Heinzmann, W. Hodges, P. Schroeder-Heister (eds.), Logic and Philosophy of Science in
    Nancy (I). Selected Contributed Papers from the 14th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and
    Philosophy of Science, special issue of Philosophia Scientiae, Vol. 18:3 (2014).
  • 3. P. E. Bour, G. Heinzmann, W. Hodges, P. Schroeder-Heister (eds.), Logic and Philosophy of Science in
    Nancy (II). Selected Contributed Papers from the 14th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and
    Philosophy of Science, special issue of Philosophia Scientiae, Vol. 19:1 (2015).

3.3.4 DLMPS subsidies to conferences in 2013 and 2014.

The Executive Committee decided to commit funds to help support conferences organized in logic, methodology,
and philosophy of science during 2013 and 2014. A call for proposals was circulated and applications were
discussed by the Executive Committee. Here are the conferences that received financial support from DLMPS:

2013.

  • 1. Workshop on “Cultural evolution, philosophy, and the emotions” in Leuven, Belgium, May 28–30, 2013.
    DLMPS support: USD 1,500.
  • 2. Symposium “Arabic Foundations of Science” at the 2013 DHST Congress in Manchester, United Kingdom,
    22–28 July 2013. DLMPS support: USD 1,356.
  • 3. Conference “Foundations of the Formal Sciences VIII: History and Philosophy of Infinity” in Cambridge,
    United Kingdom, 20–23 September 2013. DLMPS support: USD 835.
  • 4. “The Third East Asia Conference on the Philosophy of Science” in Taiwan, October 3–4, 2013. DLMPS
    support: USD 1,335.
  • 5. Conference “Mostowski100” in Warsaw, Poland, October 11–13, 2013. DLMPS support: USD 1,500.
  • 6. “Meeting of the Philosophy of Medicine Roundtable” in New York City, United States of America, November
    20–21, 2013. DLMPS support: USD 1,500.

2014.

  • 1. Conference “The Mathematical Theories of Natural Language Processing”, special session of the International
    Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics     in Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States of
    America, January 6–8, 2014. DLMPS support: USD 850.
  • 2. Conference “Functions, Proofs, Constructions”, in Tübingen, Germany, 21–23 February 2014. DLMPS
    support: USD 850.
  • 3. Workshop “Semantics of cardinals”, at Ohio State University, United States of America, March 6–7, 2014.
    DLMPS support: USD 850.
  • 4. Annual Conference “Applications of Logic in Philosophy and the Foundations of Mathematics” in Szkarska
    Poreba, Poland, May 5–9, 2014. DLMPS support: USD 850.
  • 5. Workshop “Logic and Computational Complexity”, in Vienna, Austria, July 12–13, 2014. DLMPS support:
    USD 1,200.
  • 6. Conference on “Goodman, Pragmatics, and the Practical Turn in Philosophy of Science” in Nancy and
    Pont-à-Mousson, Frankreich, 8–14 September 2014. DLMPS support: USD 1,200.
  • 7. Workshop “Theory meets practice—Master class in science, engagement and policy making”, in Shine
    Dome, Canberra, Australia, December 5, 2014. DLMPS support: USD 850.
  • 8. “First Conference of the Croatian Logical Association”, in Zagreb, Croatia, originally planned May/June
    2014. The Conference did not take place as planned in 2014 and will be held later. The subsidy granted by
    the DLMPS will be used then. DLMPS support: USD 850.

3.3.5 New members.

The Executive Committee encouraged several countries and organizations not already members of DLMPS to apply
for membership; we also reached out to countries that had been members, but had allowed their memberships
to lapse. We are happy to report that Argentina, Brazil, Croatia, New Zealand, and the Association Computability
in Europe have applied for membership.

3.3.6 Securing proposals to host the 2019 DLMPS Congress.

The Executive Committee solicited proposals for hosting the 2019 Congress. We received draft proposals from
Prague (Czech Republic) and Montréal (Canada) and made suggestions to their authors about how the proposals
might be strengthened. We are happy that the 2015 General Assembly in Helsinki had two good choices to
consider.

3.3.7 Work of DLMPS commissions.

There are two commissions that belong to both DLMPS and DHST. One of them is the Joint Commission; it
has the goal of promoting the fruitful interaction of historians and philosophers of science. Pablo Lorenzano
now chairs that commission; he organized a symposium on integrated history and philosophy of science for the
Helsinki Congress, for which DLMPS is grateful. The other shared commission is the Teaching Commission,
which also arranged a symposium for the Helsinki Congress. The Teaching Commission has a useful web site
concerning how history and philosophy of science can be taught in high schools as well as in universities. The
Teaching Commission has been headed for some twenty years by Michael Matthews, who has energetically built
this Commission into the robust organization that it is today. IUHPS is very grateful to him for his work. He
has recently retired; the new chair of the Teaching Commission is Kostas Kampourakis. In addition to these two
Commissions that belong to both Divisions, DLMPS has two intra-divisional Commissions: the Commission on
Arabic Logic and the Commission on the Philosophy of Technology and Engineering Sciences.

3.3.8 ICSU-funded project Cultures of Mathematical Research Training.

DLMPS coordinated a project entitled “Cultures of Mathematical Research Training” in 2014 and 2015. IUHPS
applied for ICSU funding for this project with the International Mathematical Union (IMU) as co-applicant
and received EUR 30,000 for the organization of two workshops in order to write and publish a White Paper
describing the most important research questions in the study of cultural issues concerning doctoral and research
education in the mathematical subjects. The project was coordinated by Benedikt Löwe and Brendan Larvor
(United Kingdom) and consisted of

  • 1. a workshop in Brussels in November 2014 with representatives of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG),
    the European Commission, the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction (ICMI), the
    National Science Foundation (NSF), and Science Europe;
  • 2. a workshop in Hamburg in June 2015 during which a question list was composed by representatives of
    the field following a method developed by W. J. Sutherland et al. (cf. W. J. Sutherland, E. Fleishman, M.
    B. Mascia, J. Pretty, M. A. Rudd, Methods for collaboratively identifying research priorities and emerging
    issues in science and policy. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 2:238-247, 2011).

A report on the project was given at the Helsinki Congress during the session of the International Association for
Science and Cultural Diversity. The White Paper will be distributed in Fall 2015.

3.4 Treasurer’s Report

The Acting Treasurer gave a short summary of his report that had been made available to to delegates prior to the
General Assembly. This is the text of the report:
The financial figures of DLMPS are listed in Appendix C. Most of our assets come from the time when
DLMPS received funding through ICSU, which itself was funded through UNESCO. Since then, the only income
of DLMPS has been fees from members (plus interests from the times when money market interest rates played
a significant role). This situation will not change in the foreseeable future. This means that our assets will slowly
decrease, if (1) our member base does not expand, (2) we do not increase membership fees, and (3) our Congress
is financed in the way it currently is. Our annual income from membership fees is roughly USD 15,000, which
amounts to USD 60,000 in each four year period. We support our Congress with roughly USD 45,000, which
leaves us with 15,000 USD for four years, from which we pay audit fee, bank charges, membership fees to ICSU
and other bodies (currently CIPSH) and expenses (in particular travel) for EC members. (EC members still pay
a significant part of their travel from their own sources. For example, DLMPS does not pay travel costs for EC
members to attend the Helsinki Congress.) Given our financial reserves, we can proceed in this way for another 6
to 8 years, even if we continue to give small conference grants in the years when there is no CLMPS, or support
commission work. However, in the long run, we should establish a balance between income and expenditure over
each four year period.
Concerning membership fees, payments are not always made regularly on an annual basis. Sometimes members
only pay after several reminders, and occasionally retroactively for several years. Including the payments
we have received in 2015 for the year 2014, we have been able to secure the payments from all members for 2014
except Iran, who has not paid since 2011.
In February 2012, the Treasurer Ralf Schindler resigned. I took over as the Acting Treasurer, passing many
duties as Secretary-General to the Assistant Secretary-General, Benedikt Löwe. The duties of a Treasurer take
a lot of time and include a lot of correspondence and paper work. I was able to carry out this job only with
the professional assistance of my secretary Marine Gaudefroy-Bergmann. This sheds light on how much an
organisation such as DLMPS depends on resources available through the institutions of its officers. I doubt that
in the long run universities will accept to provide free administrative support for an external organisation, even if
it is a genuinely academic one such as DLMPS. On the current financial base DLMPS would not be able to pay
for such services.


The Assembly unanimously approved the accounts of the Division as presented by the Acting Treasurer.

3.5 Membership Issues

There have been five applications for membership in DLMPS: Argentina, as an ordinary member of category B;
Brazil, as an ordinary member of category B; Croatia, as an ordinary member of category A; New Zealand, as
an ordinary member of category B; and the Association Computability in Europe, as an international member of
category 0. All applications were approved unanimously by the General Assembly.

3.6 Issues of the Division’s membership

There are three top-level research councils: one for science (International Council for Science, ICSU), one for
the humanities (Conseil international de la philosophie et des sciences humaines, CIPSH), and one for the Social
Sciences (International Social Science Council, ISSC). The EC was informed by the ICSU president that ICSU
and ISSC are in merger negotiations. Currently, the IUHPS is a member of ICSU (where it is part of the cluster
“social sciences”, together with the IGU, the IUAES, the IUPsyS, and the ISA), both DLMPS and DHST are
(individually) members of CIPSH, and neither of the Divisions is a member of ISSC. All other unions in the
cluster “social sciences” of ICSU are members of ISSC.

3.6.1 ISSC

It was proposed that the IUHPS should consider becoming a member of ISSC. The Senior Science Officer of
ISSC, Mathieu Denis, proposed that DLMPS become an Associate Member (annual costs EUR 500) until 2017.
DLMPS could then report to the General Assembly of DHST in 2017 and make a recommendation as to whether
IUHPS should apply for membership (category B; annual fee of EUR 750).
The EC proposed that the Assembly give a mandate to the EC to make decisions about Associate Membership
of DLMPS in ISSC as well as membership of IUHPS (including the decision to join ISSC and leave ISSC) for
the time period until the next General Assembly in 2019 based on further information about the planned merger
between ISSC and ICSU and other additional information. The Assembly unanimously gave the EC such a
mandate.

3.6.2 CIPSH

As mentioned, both DLMPS and DHST are individually members of CIPSH. CIPSH has been in a difficult
situation with organisational troubles, and is currently trying to get back on its feet. There will be a General
Assembly of CIPSH in Beijing in December 2015, and a major international conference, the World Humanities
Conference (WHC; modelled after the UNESCO World Conference on Science in 1999) is planned for August
2017 in Liège, Belgium. The DLMPS will send a delegate to Beijing and has nominated two members for the
programme committee of WHC. It was proposed that, as in the case of ICSU, it should be the Union rather than
the two Divisions which are members of CIPSH, but the DHST Council has decided that having two votes is
advantageous during the re-organisation efforts of CIPSH: DHST would like to remain a member as a Division
for now.
The EC proposed that the Assembly give a mandate to the EC to make decisions about membership of DLMPS
and IUHPS in CIPSH (including the decision to terminate membership of DLMPS or switch from individual
membership of the two Divisions to membership of the Union) until the next General Assembly in 2019 based
on further information concerning the re-organisation of CIPSH and the success of WHC. The Assembly unani-
mously gave the EC this mandate.

3.7 Change of name to include “Technology”

The EC proposed to change the Division’s name from “Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of
Science” to “Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology” and the acronym from
DLMPS to DLMPST. As our sister Division DHST had included “Technology” in their name in 2005, it was
proposed to change the name of the Union from “International Union of History and Philosophy of Science”
to “International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology” and the acronym from IUHPS
to IUHPST. The Assembly approved the proposal with no votes against. This decision includes the appropriate
changes in the statutes of the Division.

3.8 Change of Statutes of IUHPST

In the year 2012, the EC had realized that no record of the statutes of the Union existed in the archives of the
DLMPS and that therefore, the precise rules of governance of the Union as well as the relationship between
the two Divisions were unclear. In the absence of the statutes, the councils of DHST and DLMPS agreed on
a Memorandum on the Cooperation between DHST and DLMPS in 2013, describing the rules of governance
of the Union. Shortly afterwards, a copy of the statutes from 1963 was found in the archives of the German
national committee. The text of the 1963 statutes was not compatible with with the 2013 Memorandum, and it
was jointly decided by the ECs of the two Divisions to modify the 1963 statutes to conform with current practice
and to reflect the current names of the two Divisions and the Union. It was also decided to change the language
of the statutes from French to English. A committee consisting of Catherine Jami, Benedikt Löwe, Efthymios
Nicolaidis, Michael Osborne, Peter Schroeder-Heister, and Elliott Sober coordinated the rewriting of the statutes
of the Union and the new text was made available to the delegates before the Congress. The text can be found in
Appendix B.
The EC proposed to accept the new statutes and the Assembly unanimously voted in favour. The new IUHPST
statutes still require the approval of the next General Assembly of DHST in 2017.

3.9 Commissioning of two new commissions as inter-divisional commissions

Applications to install two new interdivisional commissions had been submitted and made available to the delegates
prior to the General Assembly: History and Philosophy of Computing (HaPoC) and the International
Association for Science and Cultural Diversity (IASCUD). Liesbeth De Mol (for HaPoC) and Benedikt Löwe
(for IASCUD) gave short presentations, explaining the objectives of the commissions. HaPoC was commis-
sioned by DHST in 2013 with the explicit intent to become an interdivisional commission; IASCUD has been a
commission of DHST since 2001.

Discussion. Johan van Benthem noted that all six council members of HaPoC were European and raised the
question of whether North America was properly represented. Anne Fagot-Largeault and Elliott Sober emphasized
that being entirely European should be no obstacle to the installment of a commission. De Mol, Löwe
and Giuseppe Primiero pointed out that HaPoC started as a European initiative, that HaPoC has non-European
members, and that the long-term plan is to actively include members from both Americas.

The Assembly approved the commissioning of HaPoC and IASCUD as interdivisional commissions with no
votes against.

3.10 Election of the next Council (Executive Committee and Assessors)

The nominations committee for the election of the next Council (Executive Committee and Assessors) consisted
of Maria Carla Galavotti, Wilfrid Hodges, Cliff Hooker, Benedikt Löwe, Peter Schroeder-Heister, Elliott Sober
(chair), Moshe Vardi, and Mariko Yasugi. Individual members of the nomination committee were excluded from
discussions of the committee when there was a possible conflict of interest. The nominations committee proposed
the following candidates, who have all agreed to serve if elected:

Executive Committee 2016–2019. President: Menachem Magidor (Israel). First Vice-President: Helen Longino
(United States of America). Second Vice-President: Amita Chatterjee (India). Secretary-General: Benedikt
Löwe (The Netherlands & Germany). Treasurer: Peter Schroeder-Heister (Germany). Past President: Elliott
Sober (United States of America).

Assessors 2016–2019. Samson Abramsky (United Kingdom), Rachel Ankeny (Australia), Veronica Becher (Argentina),
Heather Douglas (Canada), Hannes Leitgeb (Germany), Mitsuhiro Okada (Japan), Katarzyna Papryzycka (Poland),
and Charlotte Werndl (Austria).

The President reported that there was criticism from the French national committee that the national committees
had not been asked for advice for the recommendation of the nominations committee. The President reported
that the Council has decided during its meeting on 4 August 2015 to strengthen the involvement of the Division’s
members in the nomination of candidates in the future.
The candidates proposed by the nominations committee were elected by the Assembly with no votes against.

3.11 Host of the next Congress (2019)

The EC had received bids from Montréal and Prague. The bids had been made available to the delegates before
the Assembly. The President reported that the EC was very impressed with both bids and that it does not give any
voting recommendation. Both proposed hosts gave presentations of their cities and conference facilities.

Discussion. In the discussion, it was stressed that eleven out of the fifteen past Congresses took place in
Europe (of the four that were not in Europe, one took place in the United States of America, one in Israel, one
in Canada, and one in China). There were questions about expected numbers of participants, the registration fee,
local funding commitments, and the expected local weather.

The vote was by secret ballot. Benedikt Löwe and Pablo Lorenzano were appointed as tellers. There were 62
votes cast, of which 29 votes were in favour of Montréal and 33 votes were in favour of Prague.
The President thanked the representatives of both potential hosts for the enormous effort they had put into
their bids. He congratulated the representatives of Prague on their success and encouraged the representatives of
Montréal to submit a bid for the 2023 Congress at the 2019 General Assembly in Prague.

3.12 Helsinki Manifesto

The EC had made a proposal for a “Helsinki Manifesto”, which emphasizes the significance of logic, methodol-
ogy and philosophy of science and technology for the education of scientists. It is related to a analogous initiative
of DHST at their last General Assembly (Manchester 2013), resulting in the Manchester Manifesto.

Discussion. Michael Matthews, who headed the interdivisional teaching commission for many years, pointed to
the success of the International Handbook of Research in History, Philosophy and Science Teaching (3 volumes,
more than 2,500 volumes, 76,000 chapter downloads since 2014), which demonstrates the demand for initiatives
in the field of science teaching. Rachel Ankeny asked for concrete plans for dissemination of the Manifesto.

With few minor modifications in its wording, the Helsinki Manifesto was unanimously accepted by the General
Assembly. The text of the manifesto is given in Appendix A.

3.13 Any other business

The President thanked the the members of the Executive Committee and Council for the effort and dedication
they put into their work. The meeting was adjourned at 8pm.

Respectfully submitted,
Peter Schroeder-Heister & Benedikt Löwe
Secretary-General & Assistant Secretary-General DLMPST/IUHPST

APPENDIX A:

The Helsinki Manifesto of the Division for Logic, Methodology,
and Philosophy of Science and Technology of the International Union of
History and Philosophy of Science and Technology

The DLMPST/IUHPST affirms that logic, methodology, and philosophy of science and technology (LMPST) are
disciplines that should play a central role in the education of scientists and in the education of a science-literate
citizenry.

A grasp of ideas from LMPST is important in designing experiments, data collection, formulating and testing
hypotheses, appraising competing theories, identifying the legitimate and illegitimate role of values in science,
appreciating the ethical dimensions of scientific research and its technological applications, and much else in the
daily practices of science and technology. LMPST materials need to be included in the education of scientists,
and should also have a place in the education of non-scientists because they live in a world that is permeated with
scientific ideas and technologies.

Scientists participate in a distinctive and unparalleled tradition of understanding the world and changing it;
this scientific tradition, and its associated ‘habits of mind’ and ‘scientific attitudes’, are embodied in science’s
logic, methodology, and philosophy. These habits and attitudes are often implicit; they need to be made explicit
in science education so that scientists can develop their scientific skills and advance the tradition of which they
are a part—a tradition that is frequently threatened by political, cultural, economic, and intellectual forces.

The study of LMPST provides students with tools of reasoning that remain relevant as scientific ideas grow
and change. The pressure to include more and more scientific content in science education should not exclude the
study of LMPST. At an elementary level, and with good teaching, these reasoning competencies can be acquired
by children and they can be further developed in subsequent education. Most countries now require scientists,
engineers, and science-based professionals to have had formal exposure to the ethical and value dimensions of
science and technology. This should occur within the wider context of LMPST training for scientists and non-scientists
alike.

Philosophy of science and technology is concerned with understanding and critically appraising science as a
knowledge-creating enterprise and technology as an essential component of that enterprise. Philosophy of science
seeks to understand the nature, roles, and limits of theories, models, hypotheses, experiments, instruments, and
data. It studies the nature of scientific explanation, refutation, revolution and method, and the nature and limits
of scientific knowledge in relation to wider social domains of human experience. For its part philosophy of
technology is concerned with the nature of technical manipulation in science, both positively through improved
instrumentation, communication, and laboratory control and negatively because of implicit biases and erroneous
assumptions. It is also concerned with technologys widespread social impact and asks what its biases and limits
might be in structuring the pursuit of wider human goals.

Logic is the discipline that deals with the theory and practice of human and artificial reasoning. It extends from
the formal study of human cognition to abstract mathematical logic and is central to the study of the scientific
method, the collection of procedures that scientists use in the pursuit and justification of scientific knowledge. A
firm grasp of how we reason, judge, and conclude is a necessary foundation for philosophers who study scientific
method and for the scientists who use it.

Methodology is the set of procedures that scientists use in the pursuit and justification of scientific knowledge.
Philosophers have almost universally adopted the view that science yields knowledge because of its distinctive
methods. There has been vigorous discussion and debate concerning what those methods are a discussion and
debate to which scientists and statisticians have often made important contributions. Deductive logic, inductive
reasoning, the method of conjecture and refutation, inference to the best explanation, analogical reasoning,
probability reasoning, decision theory, and game theory have all been developed as tools for understanding the
multi-faceted scientific enterprise. There also has been lively discussion of whether science is the unique source
of human knowledge and if not, how it is related to other types of human knowledge and experience.

Studying the history of science and technology is also vitally important in science education. Our sister
Division, the Division of History of Science and Technology, has made this point eloquently in its Manchester
Manifesto, which we whole-heartedly endorse. Indeed, an integrated approach to the history and philosophy of
science and technology has been shown to yield excellent results in science education. The IUHPST Teaching
Commission, which serves both Divisions of our Union, has developed many useful resources for using history
and philosophy of science and technology in science teaching. Its web site is very much worth consulting.
Given the considerations just described, we the participants of the 15th International Congress of Logic,
Methodology, and Philosophy of Science and Technology held in Helsinki, Finland in August 2015 declare
that

  • 1. Education in logic, methodology and philosophy of science, planned and facilitated by trained logicians and
    philosophers of science and technology, should be supported and financed regularly and continuously by
    state and private institutions to ensure that younger generations understand how logic, methodology, and
    philosophy of science are relevant to science and technology.
  • 2. Logic, methodology, and philosophy of science should be integrated into the curricula of high schools,
    colleges, and universities. Local and national practices should guide this integration.

APPENDIX B:

Proposed Statutes of IUHPST as accepted by the General Assembly of DLMPST

Objectives of the Union

Article 1

The objectives of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (IUHPST),
hereinafter designated as “the Union”, are:

  • 1. To establish and reinforce links between historians and philosophers of science and between the institutions,
    societies, journals etc. devoted to these or related disciplines;
  • 2. To collect documents useful for the development of the history of science and technology and for logic,
    methodology and philosophy of science;
  • 3. To take all measures deemed necessary or useful for the development, spread and organization of studies and
    research in the fields of history of science and technology, logic, methodology and philosophy of science
    and technology and related disciplines;
  • 4. To organize international congresses on the History of Science and Technology and on Logic, Methodology
    and Philosophy of Science and Technology, as well as other international events;
  • 5. To contribute to maintaining the unity of science in general and to the establishment of links between different
    branches of human knowledge;
  • 6. To foster contacts and exchanges among historians, philosophers, and scholars concerned with issues related
    to the methods and foundations of their respective disciplines.

Article 2

The Union is affiliated to the International Council for Science (ICSU). It strives to cooperate with the other
unions that are part of ICSU, with a view to reaching the scientific goals and the international understanding
which they all pursue.

Composition of the Union

Article 3

The Union consists of two divisions: the Division of History of Science and Technology (hereafter DHST) and
the Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology (hereafter DLMPST).

Article 4

Each of these two divisions has its own statutes. These specify the details of the activities and composition of
these divisions. The statutes of both divisions supplement and form an integral part of the present Statutes of the
Union.

Administration

Article 5

The administrative authority of the Union is exercised by:

  • 1. The general assemblies of both divisions;
  • 2. The councils of both divisions;
  • 3. The Board of the Union.

Article 6

The respective general assemblies and councils of the two divisions are regulated by the respective statutes of
these divisions.

Article 7

  • 1. The Board of the Union consists of the President, the Vice President, the Secretary General, and the Treasurer.
    The offices of the Board are filled on a four-year cycle described in Article 7.3 and 7.4, starting on 1 January 2016.
  • 2. In addition to the officers of the Board, each of the two divisions can appoint a member of their council as
    the official ICSU contact person.
  • 3. During the first two calendar years of the cycle (i.e., every year divisible by four and the immediately
    following year), the president, secretary general and treasurer of the DHST are President, Secretary General
    and Treasurer of the Union, respectively. The president of the DLMPST is Vice President of the Union.
  • 4. During the third and fourth calendar years of the cycle (i.e., every even year not divisible by four and the
    immediately following year), the president, secretary and treasurer of the DLMPST are President, Secretary
    General and Treasurer of the Union, respectively. The president of the DHST is Vice President of the Union.
  • 5. The division whose treasurer is the Treasurer of the Union in any given calendar year acts as the treasurer of
    the Union with respect to the ICSU fees.

Article 8

All decisions made by the Board of the Union require the agreement of the majority of its officers, including at
least one from each division. During meetings of the Board each member may cast her or his own vote, even if
she or he chairs, as well as the vote of any absent member who has given her or him a proxy. Absent members’
votes sent in writing (or the electronic equivalent) and concerning proposals received in advance shall be counted.
In this case, the ballot of the absent member on a given proposal excludes the possibility for any member present
to represent the absent member to vote on this proposal. The President of the Union may, with the approval of
the Vice President and the assistance of the secretaries general of the two Divisions, call for a vote, typically in
electronic form, on any question.

Article 9

  • 1. Each of the two divisions shall have its own financial regulations, defined by its own statutes.
  • 2. Each division is responsible for the funds entrusted to it and writes financial reports according to their own
    statutes.
  • 3. The Union can apply for grants from funding bodies as decided by the Board; if the Union receives grants,
    the Board decides in each individual case how these grants are handled financially.

Article 10

The presidents and secretaries general of the two divisions shall send the Secretary General of the Union all
information on the scientific activity of their respective divisions, to enable her or him to respond at any time
to questionnaires received from UNESCO, ICSU or all other international organizations to which the Union has
institutional relations.

Article 11a

  • 1. The Union maintains a Joint Commission in order to enhance cooperation between them. The main responsibility
    of the Joint Commission is to explore research fields of mutual interest to historians and philosophers
    of science and technology and logicians by means of joint conferences and symposia on topics of mutual
    interest.
  • 2. Details about the organization of the Joint Commission are regulated by an agreement between the divisions.
  • 3. The Joint Commission organizes a session at the international congresses of each of the two divisions on a
    topic of interest for the other division.

Article 11b

  • 1. Each division invites a delegate of the other division to their physical council or executive committee meetings.
    The costs of the trip are covered by the division sending the delegate.
  • 2. Each division sends a representative to the congress organized by the other division. The representative
    attends the council meetings and meetings of the general assembly of the other division and delivers words of
    greeting from the sister division either in the opening session or during the meeting of the general assembly.
    The hosting division will cover the registration fee and the accommodation expenses of this representative.

Generalities

Article 12

These Statutes may be amended only by general assemblies convened by each division, provided that the total
number of votes cast in favour of the proposed amendment in each division is at least equal to two-thirds the
number of votes cast in that division.

Article 13

Proposals made by a member, scientific section, or commission of one of the divisions to amend the Statutes
must be received in writing by the Secretary General of the Union at least five months before the date of the first
general assembly during which they are to be examined. The secretaries general of both divisions shall inform all
members, scientific sections, and commissions of their division of any proposal they have received in accordance
with the statutes of that division.

Article 14

The councils of both divisions can jointly decide to implement rules of procedure of the Union in accordance
with the present Statutes.

Article 15

Under these Statutes, the Union shall continue to operate without any limitation of time. The duration of the
Union is unlimited, unless dissolved according to the provisions laid down in the present article. The dissolution
of the Union can be approved by a joint General Assembly of both divisions called for that purpose. The reso-
lution of dissolution is valid only if it is approved by at least three-quarters of the votes in each of the divisions.
In case of dissolution, the assets of the Union shall be passed on to an international organization with activities
similar to those of the Union.

Article 16

In the event that a member, scientific section, or commission of one of the divisions ceases its affiliation with the
division, it retains no right on the assets of the Union.

Historical Note

This historical note does not form part of the statutes.

The creation of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science (IUHPS) resulted from the
merger in 1956 between the International Union of the History of Science (UIHS), established in October 1947
(constitutive General Assembly, Lausanne), and the International Union of Philosophy of Science (UIPS),
established in October 1949 (constitutive General Assembly, Paris). These two organizations became respectively
the Division of History of Science (DHS) and the Division of Philosophy of Sciences (DPS). The former subsequently
became the Division of History of Science and Technology (General Assembly, Beijing 2005); the latter
subsequently became the Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science (DLMPS). The Statutes of
the IUHPS were ratified by the IUHS General Assembly in September 1956 (Florence-Milan), and by the IUPS
General Assembly in September 1958 (Brussels). Then, after preparatory work undertaken by the Executive
Committees and General Assemblies of the two Divisions, the Board of the IUHPS, during its meeting of 29
September 1961 (London), decided to entrust the drafting of new Statutes to of a Committee composed of Prof. S.
C. Kleene (representing DLMPS) and Prof. M. Clagett (representing DHS). This project revised by the Executive
Committees of the two Divisions, was approved by the General Assembly of the DLMPS (24-26 August 1962, Helsinki)
and the General Assembly of the DHS (August 26-September 2, 1962, Ithaca NY). The new Statutes of the IUHPS
were implemented on 1st January 1963.
At its general assembly in Beijing (2005), the DHS was renamed to Division of History of Science and Technol-
ogy (DHST); the DLMPS added the word “Technology” to its name at the general assembly in Helsinki (2015).
In 2012 and 2013, the councils of the two divisions agreed on a Memorandum on the Cooperation between
the divisions. In 2013, a committee consisting of Prof. E. Sober, Prof. P. Schroeder-Heister, Prof. B. Löwe (repre-
senting DLMPS) and Prof. E. Nicolaidis, Prof. C. Jami, and Prof. M. Osborne (representing DHST) revised these
Statutes according to the guidelines given in the Memorandum.

 

APPENDIX C:

IUHPS/DLMPS ACCOUNTS (pdf)